[過去ﾛｸﾞ] 現代数学の系譜 工学物理雑談 古典ガロア理論も読む49 (658ﾚｽ)
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73(1): 現代数学の系譜 雑談 古典ガロア理論も読む ◆e.a0E5TtKE [sage] 2018/01/01(月) 17:12:19.36 ID:dCRrvhl7(9/27) AAS
>>72 つづき

The following example is interesting in light of the previous theorem.

Example 1.1.5. Let I be the σ-ideal consisting of all first category subsets of
R. I-continuity is often called qualitative continuity [26]. It is well-known in
this case that f is a Baire function if, and only if, f is qualitatively continuous I-a.e.

In particular, combining Example 1.1.5 with Theorem 1.1.4 yields the following
well-known corollary, which will be useful in the sequel.

Corollary 1.1.6. Let f : R → R. The following statements are equivalent.
(i): f is a Baire function.
(ii): There exists a residual set K such that f|K is continuous.*2
(iii): f is qualitatively continuous I-a.e.
In the case of Lebesgue measure, the following is true.

*2 A set is residual if its complement is first category. This is often called comeager.

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74(1): 現代数学の系譜 雑談 古典ガロア理論も読む ◆e.a0E5TtKE [sage] 2018/01/01(月) 17:12:44.18 ID:dCRrvhl7(10/27) AAS
>>73 つづき

If condition (i) in Theorem 1.1.4 is strengthened to everywhere, the following corollary results.

Corollary 1.1.8. Let J be a σ-ideal which contains no nonempty open set.
A function f : R → R is continuous everywhere if, and only if, it is J -continuous everywhere.

Proof. If f is continuous, then it is clearly J -continuous. So, suppose f is
J -continuous everywhere, x0 ∈ R and ε > 0. Using Proposition 1.1.1(ii), there
must be an ordinary open neighborhood G0 of x0 such that
F0 = {x ∈ G0 : |f(x) − f(x0)| > ε} ∈ J.
Suppose there is an x1 ∈ F0. Choose δ > 0 such that
δ < |f(x1) − f(x0)| − ε.
As before, there exists an ordinary open neighborhood G1 ⊂ G0 of x1 such that
F1 = {x ∈ G1 : |f(x1) − f(x)| > δ} ∈ J.
It is clear that G1 ⊂ F0 ∪ F1 ∈ J, because |f(x1) − f(x0)| > ε + δ. But, this
implies J contains a nonempty open set, which contradicts the condition placed
on J in the statement of the corollary. This contradiction shows that F0 = Φ.
The preceding corollary demonstrates that global J -continuity may not be a
very useful concept. In particular, it is worthwhile noting for future reference
that global I-continuity and global N-continuity are no different than ordinary continuity.

(引用終り)

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